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What Is the Supreme Court's Approach When Commercial Disputes Become Criminal Cases?

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  There is a recurring problem in commercial litigation: A business relationship breaks down. A payment remains outstanding. A contract is disputed. A partnership collapses. A property transaction goes wrong. And suddenly, allegations of cheating and criminal breach of trust appear. But how do courts distinguish genuine criminality from an attempt to give a commercial dispute a criminal colour? A new Legal Service India article provides a useful answer by bringing together the principles emerging from Supreme Court decisions on commercial disputes, cheating, criminal breach of trust and FIR quashing. The starting point remains Bhajan Lal The article discusses the well-known principles from State of Haryana v. Bhajan Lal, including situations where allegations, even if accepted at face value, do not disclose an offence or where criminal proceedings appear to be malicious or constitute an abuse of process. But the article makes an important point: These principles are not a mechanica...
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What Happens When Police Stop a Peaceful Protest in India?

  Review of “How to Protest in India Without Breaking the Law” One of the biggest misconceptions about protest law is surprisingly simple: “If my protest is peaceful, the police cannot take action against me.” The reality is more complicated. Peaceful protest enjoys constitutional protection, but that protection does not create absolute immunity from police action. The circumstances of the assembly, applicable orders, location, conduct of participants and statutory requirements can all become legally significant. This is one of the most important themes explored in “How to Protest in India Without Breaking the Law.” The article does not present protest as a confrontation between “citizens with rights” and “police with powers”. Instead, it explains that both sides operate within the Constitution and the law . That is an important distinction. What If Police Ask You to Disperse? The article gives a particularly practical approach. Rather than immediately confronting the police, prote...
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Delhi High Court's Rita Raj Alimony Decision: Why “Working Wife Gets Nothing” Is the Wrong Conclusion

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 The headline surrounding a maintenance judgment can sometimes be more misleading than the judgment itself. The Delhi High Court's decision in Rita Raj v. Pabitra Roy Chaudhuri is a good example. A quick reading may lead someone to conclude: “The Delhi High Court has ruled that an earning wife cannot receive alimony.” That conclusion would be far too broad. A new Legal Service India analysis examines the judgment in detail and explains what Rita Raj actually means for permanent alimony under Section 25 HMA . What Happened in Rita Raj ? The parties married in January 2010 and separated after approximately ten months of cohabitation. The wife was a Group A officer of the Indian Railway Traffic Service, while the husband was an advocate. There were no children from the marriage. The wife challenged the divorce decree and sought permanent alimony under Section 25 HMA. The Delhi High Court ultimately rejected the permanent alimony claim after considering the financial circumstances of...
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SLP vs Review — Which Remedy Should You Choose?

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  SLP or Review Petition? The Wrong Choice Can Create a Serious Procedural Problem When a High Court judgment goes against you, two words often appear immediately in legal discussions: SLP. Review. But they are not two versions of the same remedy. An SLP under Article 136 asks the Supreme Court to exercise its discretionary power to grant special leave to appeal. A review petition,  on the other hand, asks the court that delivered the judgment to reconsider it on recognized and limited review grounds. That difference affects everything from jurisdiction to procedure and the consequences of dismissal . A review is not an appeal in disguise. It generally requires a recognized ground, such as an error apparent on the face of the record, discovery of important material that could not earlier be produced despite due diligence, or another legally recognized ground. An SLP operates differently. But the real procedural trap appears when a litigant has already filed an SLP . Suppose t...
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NRI Property Fraud in India: What Does the Supreme Court Judgment Mean?

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 If you are an NRI who owns property in India , this is an article worth reading. Property disputes become especially difficult when the owner lives abroad and discovers years later that a sale deed, confirmation deed, power of attorney, or other document has been used in connection with the property. This article provides a practical explanation of the Supreme Court's 2026 decision in Accamma Sam Jacob v. State of Karnataka . It explains when a property dispute may have both civil and criminal dimensions and why the existence of a civil remedy does not automatically prevent criminal investigation. Also Read: Ancestral Property Delhi: Daughter’s Rights, Partition, Sale & Legal Remedies Most importantly, the article reminds NRIs not to delay when they discover a suspicious transaction involving their Indian property. Read the complete analysis: NRI Property Dispute in India – Complete Legal Analysis #NRIPropertyDispute #NRIPropertyFraud #IndianProperty #NRIPropertyRights #Prope...
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Can You File a Second SLP After Review? This Supreme Court Procedural Lesson Matters

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What happens when a High Court judgment goes against you, your first SLP is dismissed, and you pursue a review before the High Court—and the review also fails? Can you simply file another SLP before the Supreme Court? Not necessarily. The article “NRI Supreme Court Litigation: Can You File a Second SLP After Review?” examines this difficult procedural question through the Supreme Court's decision in Kangra Central Cooperative Bank Ltd. v. The Kangra Central Cooperative Bank Pensioners Welfare Association (Regd.) & Ors. , 2025 INSC 1416 . Also Read: Special Leave Petition (SLP) in Supreme Court – Complete FAQs Guide The most important takeaway is that there is no blanket rule that every second SLP is prohibited . Instead, the Court looks at the procedural history. What happened to the first SLP? Was special leave granted? Was the SLP dismissed or withdrawn? Was liberty granted? If liberty was granted, what exactly did it permit? Was the litigant permitted only to pursue a High...
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Can Someone Sell Your Property Without Your Consent? Know Your Legal Remedies

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A registered sale deed does not automatically mean that every underlying claim of title, authority, or execution has been conclusively settled. That is one of the central practical messages of this excellent guide on challenging an illegal property sale in Delhi . Also Read: Tenant Refusing to Vacate Delhi Property? Legal Eviction Procedure for Landlords The article explains the difference between: 🔹 Cancellation of a sale deed 🔹 Declaration of title 🔹 Declaration that a sale deed is not binding 🔹 Recovery of possession 🔹 Injunction against further transfer 🔹 Civil remedies for property fraud 🔹 Criminal proceedings where forgery or cheating is disclosed It also explains why the distinction between an executant and a non-executant can fundamentally change the legal remedy. Legal Advice Hub Another important issue is limitation . Property owners should not assume that calling a document “forged” automatically solves the limitation problem. The nature of the transaction, the reli...
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SLP Against High Court Judgment — What Every Litigant Should Understand

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Can a person approach the Supreme Court after losing before the High Court? Yes, an SLP may be filed in an appropriate case under Article 136 of the Constitution of India . But the more important question is whether the case presents circumstances that justify the Supreme Court exercising its extraordinary and discretionary jurisdiction. This is the central theme of the detailed Legal Service India article “Can I File an SLP Against a High Court Judgment?” The article goes beyond the simple answer and examines the practical considerations that should be addressed before filing an SLP. It explains that an SLP should not ordinarily be treated as a routine “third appeal” merely because a litigant disagrees with the High Court's appreciation of the evidence. What Are the Important Grounds? Depending on the facts and record, the article discusses grounds such as: Error of law: Where the High Court applies an incorrect legal principle. Disregard of binding precedent: Where a relevant ...
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Supreme Court Checks BCI Power: Bar Councils Cannot Discipline Law Students Before Enrolment

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Should the Bar Council of India hold disciplinary power over law students? The Supreme Court says NO — but does this empower students or weaken accountability? The Supreme Court’s decision in Mihira Sood & Anr. v. Bar Council of India & Ors., W.P.(C) No. 1040/2026, establishes a clear statutory boundary between law students and enrolled advocates. The Court held that the Bar Council of India (BCI) and State Bar Councils do not have disciplinary jurisdiction over law students merely because they are studying law or intend to enter the legal profession. The ruling arose from the NALSAR University controversy, where BCI directions had sought to prevent the 2026 graduating batch from being enrolled as advocates and contemplated an inquiry into students and faculty involved in a campaign. The Supreme Court held that such disciplinary action could not be sustained without statutory authority. The judgment emphasises that BCI's regulatory authority over legal education is differen...
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India GDP Revision Explained: 7.8% Growth or 2.6%? The ₹86 Lakh Crore to ₹80 Lakh Crore Question

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Economic Reality Check   📉 India’s GDP revised from ₹86 lakh crore to ₹80 lakh crore — a staggering shift! Is this just a statistical correction or a deeper reflection of our economy’s health? The article examines the controversy surrounding India’s reported 7.8% real GDP growth in Q1 FY 2026–27 and the competing 2.6% figure that emerged after comparing the latest GDP figure of ₹88.27 lakh crore with the earlier ₹86.05 lakh crore estimate. The article explains that the 2.6% calculation is mathematically correct, but it does not represent India’s official real GDP growth rate because it compares figures from two different GDP series. The earlier ₹86.05 lakh crore figure belonged to the 2011–12 base-year series, while the later figures were produced under the new 2022–23 base-year series. GDP comparisons should be made using comparable figures from the same statistical series. A major focus is the revision of Q1 FY 2025–26 current-price GDP from approximately ₹86.05 lakh crore ...
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India’s Wealth Inequality in 2026: What the World Inequality Report Says About the Top 1% and Bottom 50%

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  The article examines India’s economic inequality through the lens of the World Inequality Report 2026. While India has achieved significant economic growth, infrastructure development and a growing digital economy, the article argues that GDP growth alone does not show how the benefits of that growth are distributed.  According to the report estimates cited in the article, India’s income and wealth are highly concentrated. The top 10% receives about 57.7% of national income and owns around 65% of total wealth, while the bottom 50% receives about 15% of income and owns only around 6.4% of wealth. The top 1% is estimated to own approximately 40.1% of India’s wealth and receive 22.6% of national income.  The article distinguishes income inequality from wealth inequality, explaining that income refers to what people earn, whereas wealth represents accumulated assets such as property, investments and businesses. It also notes that the income-share gap between the top 10% and...
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SC/ST Act 1989 Latest Supreme Court Judgments 2026: Public View, Bail, Section 18A & Victim Rights

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Justice or Perception? The SC/ST Act, 1989, continues to evolve with the latest Supreme Court judgments. Do these rulings strengthen justice or highlight systemic gaps? The article provides a comprehensive overview of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, and its evolving legal position up to 2026, focusing particularly on recent Supreme Court judgments. It explains that the Act remains a strong protective law against caste-based atrocities, but its stringent provisions must be applied according to the precise statutory ingredients of each offense. A central theme is the Supreme Court's clarification that not every dispute, insult, or allegation involving a person belonging to an SC/ST community automatically constitutes an offense under the Act. For offenses under Sections 3(1)(r) and 3(1)(s), issues such as caste-based intent and the requirement that the incident occur “within public view” can be decisive. The article traces this principle through decisions including Hi...
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IJMIS proposes independent judicial talent discovery, evidence-based merit assessment and stronger accountability without compromising judicial independence.

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  👩‍⚖️ Collegium vs. Commission — which ensures justice better? 💭 Share your comprehensive views — India’s future judiciary depends on it. IJMIS proposes a phased reform of India’s Collegium System through independent judicial talent discovery, evidence-based merit assessment, integrity verification, conflict checks, anti-favouritism audits and a judicial-majority selection mechanism—while protecting judicial independence from political control. 🔗 Article: https://www.legalserviceindia.com/Legal-Articles/judicial-appointment-reform-india-collegium-ijmis/   #JudicialAppointments #LegalFuture #legalserviceindia
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Medical Negligence Case in India: Step-by-Step Filing Procedure, Evidence, Compensation & Supreme Court Law

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  The courtroom becomes the last hope when hospitals fail. 💬 Do you think awareness about filing cases is too low among patients?  Learn how to file a medical negligence case in India, prove negligence, claim compensation, check limitation and understand the latest Supreme Court judgments. 🔗 https://www.legalservicesindia.com/how-to-file-medical-negligence-case-in-india/    #KnowYourRights #LegalAwareness #legalserviceindia
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From Gian Kaur and Common Cause to Harish Rana: Understanding India’s evolving law on passive euthanasia, Advance Medical Directives and end-of-life dignity.

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  Explore India’s right to die with dignity, passive euthanasia, Living Wills, Article 21 and the Supreme Court’s Harish Rana decision. 💡 If autonomy is sacred, why do we fear the choice to leave? Is it law’s duty to protect life—or liberty? 👉 Full piece: https://www.legalserviceindia.com/Legal-Articles/the-last-human-right-why-we-fear-the-choice-to-leave/   #legalserviceindia #Autonomy #LawAndMorality #RightToExit
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